Table showing Molecular Features that differentiate Archaea from Bacteria and Eukarya:
|
Domain
|
Archaea |
Bacteria |
Eukarya |
|
Presence of Plasmids and introns
|
Contain Plasmids and introns
|
Contain Plasmids but not introns
|
Generally do not contain plasmids but contain introns
|
|
Ribosome Size
|
70S, more closely resemble eukarya ribosomes in structure and function
|
70S
|
80S
|
|
Differences in sequences of nucleotides in cells rRNA
|
Unique with distinct molecular regions
|
Unique with distinct molecular regions
|
Unique with distinct molecular regions
|
|
RNA Polymeras Properties
|
Usually contains 8 to 11 different proteins
|
Contains 4 different proteins
|
Contains 12 different proteins
|
|
Cell membrane lipid structure and major polymer in the cell walls
|
Branched hydrocarbon chains attached to glycerol by ether linkages
No peptidoglycans
|
Unbranched fatty acid chains attached to glycerol by ester linkages
Peptidoglycans
|
Unbranched fatty acid chains attached to glycerol by ester linkages
No Peptidoglycans
|
|
Sensitivity to antibiotics
|
Not sensitive to some that affect bacteria
Sensitive to some that affect Eukarya
|
Sensitive to traditional antibacterial antibiotics
Resistant to most antibiotics that affect Eukarya
|
Resistant to traditional antibacterial antibiotics
Sensitive to most that affect Eukaryotic cells
|
Source: Kaiser, G. (2007). Classification: The Three Domain System.5
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Comments (6)
Keerat Dhatt said
at 10:49 pm on Oct 25, 2010
I added a couple of rows to this table, but feel free to delete if you feel it is not relevant enough information to include
SKotelnikova said
at 8:43 pm on Nov 2, 2010
I think it was a good idea to add this table. I appreciate the complexity of the topic. Archaea are very interesting organisms that we did not know to exist in variable environments until very recently. It may be interesting for you to learn that 50% of all living creature in the seawater column at the depth of below 500 meters are actually archaea. They survive in total darkness and cold, thriving on very low nutrients if any at all. There are some metabolic surprices awaiting for us when we learn how to culture these organisms.
SKotelnikova said
at 4:58 pm on Nov 15, 2010
I have a book titled "Archaea" edited by Ricardo Caviiccahioli , 2007, presenting a good example of description of Archaeal differences and diversity already in the introductory chapter. Would you like to use it?
SKotelnikova said
at 5:00 pm on Nov 15, 2010
RNA polymerase of Archaea may contain up to 11 subunits
SKotelnikova said
at 5:26 pm on Nov 15, 2010
incert the following link when descriing biotech applications of archaeal enzymes and polymers http://www.archaezyme.com/ and to http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/archaea/archaea.html when describing the diversity
SKotelnikova said
at 8:51 am on Nov 19, 2010
I edited raw one in the table
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